white matter is packed with fatty myelin that surrounds and insulates
axons of neurons sending information in and out of the cortex
gray matter consists of cell bodies and dendrites that form the other layers of the cortex and nuclei within the brain
Brain stem - automatic functions
Midbrain - vision and sound processing
Pons - crainial nerves start here
Medulla - heart rate and respiration
Cerebellum - self vs other initiated moter movements/ classic conditioning
Thalamus - central processing unit CPU of the brain
Hypothalamus and pitiutary - hormones, autonomic nervous system, fight or flight response, and endocrine system
Basal Ganglia - motor coordination
Limbic System - emotion and motivation
fornix/hippocampus - declarative memory, learning, memory
amygdala - fear and anger
cingulate gyrus - attention and "give a damn"
Sodium-Potassium pumps - as negative charge builds up inside the cell, it exerts electrostatic pressure to pull K+ ions back in
Diffusion force pulls K+ out but electrical force pulls K+ in (equilibrium potential)
Equilibrium potential - the point in wich the movement of ions across the cell membrane is balaced, the electrostatic presssure pulling ions in one direction is offset by the diffusion force pushing them in the opposite direction. the movement of ions across the cell membrane is balanced, the electrostatic pressure pulling ions in one direction is offeset by the DiffUSION force pushing tghem in the opposite direction.
The concentration gradient pushing sodium Na+ ions in, equals the positive charge driving them out.
gray matter consists of cell bodies and dendrites that form the other layers of the cortex and nuclei within the brain
Brain stem - automatic functions
Midbrain - vision and sound processing
Pons - crainial nerves start here
Medulla - heart rate and respiration
Cerebellum - self vs other initiated moter movements/ classic conditioning
Thalamus - central processing unit CPU of the brain
Hypothalamus and pitiutary - hormones, autonomic nervous system, fight or flight response, and endocrine system
Basal Ganglia - motor coordination
Limbic System - emotion and motivation
fornix/hippocampus - declarative memory, learning, memory
amygdala - fear and anger
cingulate gyrus - attention and "give a damn"
Sodium-Potassium pumps - as negative charge builds up inside the cell, it exerts electrostatic pressure to pull K+ ions back in
Diffusion force pulls K+ out but electrical force pulls K+ in (equilibrium potential)
Equilibrium potential - the point in wich the movement of ions across the cell membrane is balaced, the electrostatic presssure pulling ions in one direction is offset by the diffusion force pushing them in the opposite direction. the movement of ions across the cell membrane is balanced, the electrostatic pressure pulling ions in one direction is offeset by the DiffUSION force pushing tghem in the opposite direction.
The concentration gradient pushing sodium Na+ ions in, equals the positive charge driving them out.
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